❤️ Warren River 🐢

"The Warren River is a tidal extension of the Palmer River in the U.S. state of Rhode Island. It flows approximately 6.5 km (4 mi). There are no dams along the river's length. Course The river begins where the Palmer River widens just over the border from Swansea. From there it flows due south between the towns of Barrington and Warren to its confluence with the Narragansett Bay. Tributaries Barrington River See also *List of rivers in Rhode Island *Barrington River *Palmer River *Providence River *Narragansett Bay References *Maps from the United States Geological Survey Category:Rivers of Bristol County, Rhode Island Category:Narragansett Bay Category:Rivers of Rhode Island "

❤️ Dorothy Scharf 🐢

"Dorothy Scharf (1942–2004) was a reclusive art collector who left 51 valuable paintings to the Courtauld Institute in her will.Daily Telegraph 28 March 2007, p15 Her collection, containing works by such eminent artists as John Constable and Thomas Gainsborough, covers the "Golden Age" of English painting.25 of the paintings have been exemped from inheritance tax- Sue Bond Perhaps the most famous work in the collection is Margate Pier by JMW Turner, once owned by US President Franklin D. Roosevelt. The paintings went on exhibition in October 2007. NotesExternal links *The Courtauld Institute *Sue Bond Category:1942 births Category:2004 deaths Category:English philanthropists Category:20th-century philanthropists "

❤️ Hippidion 🐢

"Hippidion (meaning little horse) is an extinct genus of horse that lived in South America from the Late Pliocene to the end of the Late Pleistocene (Lujanian), between two million and 11,000 years ago. They were one of two lineages of equines native to South America during the Pleistocene epoch alongside those of the Equus subgenus Amerhippus. Hippidion principale Evolution left Hippidion has been considered a descendant of pliohippines, horses that migrated into the South American continent around 2.5 million years ago. Early analysis of the ancient DNA of Hippidion and other New World Pleistocene horses supported the novel hypothesis that Hippidion was actually a member of the living genus Equus, with a particularly close relationship to the wild horse, Equus ferus. However this was later shown to be incorrect, with more complete sequences finding Hippidion as an outgroup to all living equines and less closely related to living horses than the "New World stilt legged horse", Haringtonhippus francisci. Hippidion is traditionally thought to have 3 species, H. principale, H. saldiasi and H. devillei, however, in the DNA analysis, the single sampled H. principale specimen was found to be nested with H. saldiasi, with H. devillei found to be clearly genetically distinct. Hippidion and other South American horses became extinct approximately 8,000 years ago. Specific archaeological recovery at the Cueva del Milodon site in Patagonian Chile demonstrates that Hippidion saldiasi existed in that vicinity in the era of 10,000 to 12,000 years before present.C. Michael Hogan, Cueva del Milodon, Megalithic Portal, 13 April 2008 Horses did not reappear in South America until the 16th century, as a result of introduction by humans. Description left It stood approximately (also 13.2 hh) high at the shoulders and resembled a donkey. The skull of Hippidion is noted for its nasal bone, which projects forward from the skull. Diet and Ecology left A study found that Late Pleistocene specimens of Hippidion had lower δ13C values than those of specimens of Amerihippus, indicating a preference for C3 woodland and wooded open habitats. Discovery Remains of Hippidion saldiasi have been recovered in locations such as the Piedra Museo site, Santa Cruz, Argentina and Cueva del Milodon, Chile. The significance of such archaeological recovery is amplified by the association with hunting of these animals by prehistoric man at possible Pre-Clovis horizons. Distribution Fossils of Hippidion have been found in:Hippidion at Fossilworks.org ;Pleistocene * Tarija, Ñuapua and Ulloma Formations, Bolivia * Jandaíra Formation, Brazil * Chíu-Chíu Formation and Cueva del Milodón, Chile * Sopas and Dolores Formations, Uruguay * Taima-Taima, Venezuela Extinction Hippidion became extinct alongside the other South American equines at the end of the Late Pleistocene, between 15,000 and 10,000 years ago as part of the Quaternary extinction event, which resulted in the extinction of most large animals in both North and South America. Climactic modelling suggests that the preferred habitat for species of Hippidion declined after the Holocene transition, but the decline isn't enough to explain the extinction. References Category:Pliocene horses Category:Pleistocene horses Category:Pliocene first appearances Category:Pleistocene genus extinctions Category:Prehistoric mammal genera Category:Blancan Category:Pleistocene mammals of South America Category:Pliocene mammals of South America Category:Montehermosan Category:Chapadmalalan Category:Ensenadan Category:Lujanian Category:Pleistocene Argentina Category:Fossils of Argentina Category:Pleistocene Bolivia Category:Fossils of Bolivia Category:Pleistocene Brazil Category:Fossils of Brazil Category:Pleistocene Chile Category:Fossils of Chile Category:Pleistocene Uruguay Category:Fossils of Uruguay Category:Pleistocene Venezuela Category:Fossils of Venezuela Category:Fossil taxa described in 1869 "