❤️ Reissue 🦩

"In the music industry, a reissue (also re-release, repackage or re-edition) is the release of an album or single which has been released at least once before, sometimes with alterations or additions. Reasons for reissue =New audio formats= Recordings originally released in an audio format that has become technologically or commercially obsolete are reissued in new formats. For example, thousands of original vinyl albums have been reissued on CDs since introduction of that format in the early 1980s. More recently, many albums originally released on CD or earlier formats have been reissued on SACD or DVD-Audio. =Budget records= Beginning with Pickwick Records, which acquired the rights to reissue many of Capitol Records' non-current albums at a low price in venues other than record stores, several record companies started "budget" or "drugstore records" subsidiaries to sell their deleted items at lower prices. =New ownership= When one record label buys out another record label or acquires an individual recording artist's back catalogue, their albums are often reissued on the purchasing label. For example, Polydor Records reissued many of James Brown's albums which were originally released on his former label, King Records. King Records had itself previously reissued albums and singles by Brown that were originally recorded for its subsidiary label, Federal Records. =Strong or weak sales= Recordings are reissued to meet continuing demand for an album that continues to be popular after its original release. In other cases, albums are reissued to create interest in and hopefully revive the sales of a release which has sold poorly. For example, the heavy metal label Roadrunner Records is notorious for reissuing their artist's works' only months after releasing the original album. According to US music magazine Billboard, reissues target "casual consumers who hadn't picked up the album when it was originally released, as well as obsessives who need to own every song in an artist's catalog." In the late 2000s to early 2010s, reissues of studio albums with expanded track listings were common, with the new music often being released as stand-alone EPs. In October 2010, a Vanity Fair article regarding the trend noted reissues and post-album EPs as "the next step in extending albums' shelf lives, following the "deluxe" editions that populated stores during the past few holiday seasons—add a few tracks to the back end of an album and release one of them to radio, slap on a new coat of paint, and—voila!—a stocking stuffer is born." Examples of such releases include Lady Gaga's The Fame Monster (2009) following her debut album The Fame (2008), and Kesha's Cannibal (2010) following her debut album Animal (2010). =Special, Limited and Commemorative Editions= Some recordings are reissued to celebrate their popularity, influence, or an anniversary of the artist or the recording. =Track controversy and revisionism= Some recordings are reissued soon after their original release because one of the tracks was seen in a negative light. "Cop Killer" by Body Count was one such example. Some recordings are remixed and reissued in an effort to erase prior band member's contributions. Two such examples were Ozzy Osbourne’s Blizzard of Ozz and Diary of a Madman. British girl group Sugababes reissued two of their studio albums in a similar manner; Taller in More Ways following Mutya Buena's replacement with Amelle Berrabah, and Sweet 7 after Keisha Buchanan's replacement with Jade Ewen. = Sequel = Some reissued albums were released for making sequel of the promotion project. This is different to special or limited album, where both special and limited album were released for certain event like Christmas or group's anniversary. An example is Funky Town by T-ara, where this repackage album was released as the sequel of their previous EP, Black Eyes. The album was released for their drama video project where the video was released as the sequel of their previous drama video, Cry Cry from the previous EP. Another example is Twicecoaster: Lane 2 by Twice. The repackage album is the sequel of their previous EP, Twicecoaster: Lane 1 Alterations Common additions to reissued albums include: * Audio remastering * Inclusion of bonus tracks or multimedia content * New liner notes * New album art or packaging * Modifiers in the title such as "Special Edition" or "Expanded Version" Reissues and certification For the purposes of quantifying sales, an album's original and subsequent releases are counted together. For example, if an album sold 300,000 of its original release and 700,000 in subsequent reissues, it would be entitled to platinum certification. However, the musical contents of the original disc must remain the same on a reissue for it to count towards certification. Reissue labels Some record labels specialize in reissuing recordings originally released on other labels. Three of the biggest reissue labels are Rhino Records, Hip-O Records, and Legacy Recordings. Each of these companies reissues material from the labels of a major music conglomerate: Warner Music Group, Universal Music Group, and Sony BMG, respectively. Collectables Records is another prolific reissue label that licenses recordings from other labels. References Category:Albums Category:Music industry Category:Music publishing * "

❤️ KCYY 🦩

"KCYY (100.3 MHz "Y100") is a commercial FM radio station in San Antonio, Texas. It is owned by Cox Radio and airs a country music radio format. Studios and offices are on Datapoint Drive in San Antonio."Contact Us ." Retrieved on April 24, 2009. KCYY has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 100,000 watts, the maximum for non-grandfathered FM stations. The transmitter site is on the McCarter Ranch, off Galm Road in the Far West Side of San Antonio, near Government Canyon State Natural Area.Radio-Locator.com/KCYY History =KBER-FM, KSAQ, KCCW= On June 25, 1966, the station signed on as KBER- FM.Broadcasting Yearbook 1968 page B-165 It was owned by Kepo Broadcasting and was the FM counterpart of AM 1150 KBER (now AM 1160 KRDY). Because KBER AM was a daytime only station, its country music programming continued on KBER-FM into the night. In 1974, KBER-AM-FM were sold to Pacific Western Broadcasting. The call signs were changed to KQAM for the AM station and KSAQ for the FM station, also known as "Q-100." The two simulcast a Top 40 format. In 1976, the AM station was sold to a Spanish-language broadcaster, while the FM station was sold to Radio Alamo. Radio Alamo switched the call letters to KZZY, initially keeping the Top 40 sound. But then it briefly tried a country format as KCCW. The country music lasted less than a year. =Klassy 100= In 1981, Radio Alamo flipped the format to adult contemporary music.Broadcasting Yearbook 1985 page B-271 Radio Alamo also acquired AM 930 in Terrell Hills (now KLUP) and simulcast both stations, as KLLS and KLLS-FM, "Klassy 100 FM." In 1987, Newcity Communications acquired AM 680 and FM 100.3.Broadcasting & Cable Yearbook 1988 page B-282 =Country KCYY= 680 KKYX had been owned by Swanson Communications, running a classic country format. So when it was paired with KLLS-FM, Newcity made the decision to also play country music on the FM, but a more contemporary version. The call sign was changed to KCYY, with the CY standing for Country and the additional Y as the moniker of the station, "Y100." San Antonio already had an FM country station that had been doing well in the ratings, 97.3 KAJA, owned by Clear Channel Communications, which also owned AM 1200 WOAI. Another country station was 107.5 KBUC-FM, but its ratings weren't a factor, and it eventually flipped to Tejano KXTN-FM. Newcity thought there were enough country fans in San Antonio for two healthy FM country outlets. KCYY premiered by playing 10,000 songs in a row with no commercials. Backed by the commercial-free weeks and TV ads, KCYY became San Antonio's top country station in Spring 1988.Radio & Records Ratings Report, Fall '88, page 173 KCYY was also the top station in the 18-49 year old demographic and the 25-54 demographic, according to the Arbitron ratings. Cox Radio acquired KCYY and KKYX in 1997.Broadcasting & Cable Yearbook 2000 page D-451 Since the late 80s, Cox-owned 100.3 KCYY and iHeartMedia-owned 97.3 KAJA have see-sawed in the ratings, with both stations often in the top five in the San Antonio market. Timeline of 100.3 FM 1987 KLLS becomes KCYY Y-100 switching from Adult Contemporary to Country. 1981 KCCW becomes KLLS "Class 100" airing an automated Adult Contemporary format. For a short time it would simulcast on AM 930. 1979-1981 KZZY becomes Country KCCW 100.3 1977-1979 KSAQ becomes CHR/Top40 KZZY "Buzzard Rock" 100.3/1150 1974-1977 KSAQ 100.3 and KQAM/1150 "San Antonio's Q 100.3 and 1150" Top 40/CHR. 1966-1974 100.3 Signs on as KBER-FM as Country. References External links *KCYY website Category:Country radio stations in the United States CYY Category:Cox Media Group Category:Radio stations established in 1966 "

❤️ Essay (philately) 🦩

"Three 1922 Irish bi-colour essays printed by Hely Ltd. A British postage stamp essay, believed to be for the 1887 Jubilee issue. In philately, an essay is a design for a proposed stamp submitted to the postal authorities for consideration but not used, or used after alterations have been made.Mackay, James. Philatelic Terms Illustrated. 4th edition. London: Stanley Gibbons, 2003, p.50. By contrast, a proof is a trial printing of an accepted stamp. Both essays and proofs are rare, as usually just a few are produced. Although intended for internal use by printers and official bodies, essays sometimes find their way onto the philatelic market. See also * Prince Consort Essay. References External links * Anglo-French Union The British Postal Museum & Archive * Edward VIII Postage Stamp Essay Royal Philatelic Society of Canada * Essay for the embossed stamp submitted after 1839 by Charles Whiting The British Postal Museum & Archive * Flashback: Essays, The Stamp Designs That Also Ran The Collectors Weekly * George VI stamps The British Postal Museum & Archive * Newfoundland bogus "Essay" * Switzerland extracts from Essay Proof Journal 1945–1961 * Pay for Essay Category:Philatelic terminology "