❤️ Sydney Skaife 🦚

"Sydney Harold Skaife ('Stacey') D.Sc FRSSAf. (12 December 1889 – 6 November 1976) was an eminent South African entomologist and naturalist. His career and educational publications covered a wide field.Skaife, S. H., "A Naturalist Remembers", Pub. Longmans, Cape Town, 1963Skaife, S. H., "Lessons in Nature Study for Rural Primary Schools", Pub. Longmans, Cape Town, 1934Skaife, S. H., "South African Nature Notes", Pub. Maskew Miller, Cape Town, about 1938Skaife, S. H., "African Insect Life", Pub. Longmans, Green & Co., London, 1953. Especially in his later years his main research interest was in social insects and the transitional phases in sociality, particularly in the Hymenoptera and Isoptera.Skaife, S. H., "Dwellers in Darkness", Pub. Longmans Green & Co., London, 1956.Skaife, S. H., "The Study of Ants", Pub. Longmans, 1961 He was also a school inspector, prolific author of scientific and popular books, broadcaster, and conservationist. Of his many achievements his greatest was probably his leading role in the creation of the Cape of Good Hope Nature Reserve between Cape Town and Cape Point. He lived for most of his life in Hout Bay on the Cape Peninsula. Early life Skaife was born in London, England, to Katherine and John Skaife. He spent his boyhood in Bath, Somerset and went to St Marks Grammar School. Educated at Reading University, England, he initially studied in the Arts, even though his passion lay with Biology. In 1911 he took the Intermediate BA examination of London University because Reading at that stage was not a university and could not confer a degree. He then studied for a Teacher's Diploma and passed it with distinction. In 1912 he went to the University of Leipzig in Germany, at the urging of his uncle. He stayed with the Schober family. During this period he taught English to earn some extra money. In 1913 he went to Cape Town to teach biology at the Rondebosch Boys High School. When World War I broke out in 1914, he tried to enlist for service, but was turned down on medical grounds due to an irregular heart beat, which was later found to be harmless. He was then offered and accepted a post as entomologist at the Rosebank Research Station in Cape Town. Here he worked on insects that fed on stored grain. This was a particularly urgent issue at the time, since large quantities of grain were being stored at the Cape as part of the war effort. Later career On 29 September 1917 he married Elsie Mary Croft, a pianist. After his marriage he was transferred to the Cedara College of Agriculture in Natal where he worked on bees and wattle bagworm infestation. In 1918 he became the first South African to receive a Carnegie Grant for further study. In 1920 he received an MSc at the Natal University College. From 1921 to 1945 he was the Inspector of Science in the Cape Department of Education. In 1922 he received a PhD from the University of Cape Town for his research on bean weevils or the subfamily Bruchinae. Africa has a rich Bruchid fauna, many of them dependent on thorn trees and other indigenous leguminous plants. In the relaxed railway schedules of the time, he sometimes found opportunities to collect new species from thorn trees during halts. During this period he found time to edit Nature Notes (1924–1931) and become one of the first people to make a radio broadcast in South Africa, in which he talked on scorpions (1925). In 1929 he established the Wild Life Protection and Conservation Society (now called the Wildlife and Environment Society of South Africa, WESSA), largely as a result of his concern at the widespread destruction of game in Zululand as part of the tsetse fly control campaign. In his capacity as chairman, he helped to establish the Outeniqua Mountain Zebra Reserve, the Bontebok Park, and the Addo Elephant Reserve. During the period 1935–1945 he was Director of the School Broadcasting Service. In 1939, largely through his efforts, the Cape of Good Hope Nature Reserve was established. He became President of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa in 1940, served as Chairman of the newly created Fisheries Development Corporation from 1945–1951, and during this same period was a member of the Board of Governors of the South African Broadcasting Corporation. In 1950 he was elected President of the Royal Society of South Africa and from 1950–1957 he acted as Vice-chairman of the board of Trustees of the South African Museum. In 1951 he became Chairman of the Fisheries Commission of Northern Rhodesia. In 1952 he retired to his home in Hout Bay and did extensive research on the social behaviour of ants, bees and wasps which resulted in the publication of some books. In his book on termites, and other papers,Skaife S. H., The Black-Mound Termite of the Cape, Amitermes Atlanticus Fuller., Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa, Volume 34, Issue 1 1954 , pages 251 – 271 he published ground-breaking work on the dynamics and ecology of termite mounds and the means of studying them. He also wrote a book on ants, and a number of scientific publications on various topics, including possible routes to sociality from primitive bees such as South African carpenter bees.Skaife, S. H. “The yellow-banded carpenter bee, Mesotrichia caffra Linn, and its symbiotic mite, Dinogamasus Braunsi Vitzthun,” Journal of the Entomological Society of South Africa, vol. 15, pp. 63–76, 1952. In 1952 he was awarded the South African Medal and Grant for scientific research by the South African Association for the Advancement of Science. In 1953 he visited the UK where he spoke about his research work over the BBC and attended the Annual Congress of the British Association in Belfast, Northern Ireland. In 1957 he was awarded a D.Sc. (honoris causa) by the University of Natal, and despite having retired became the President of the Zoological Society of South Africa in 1960. He also found time to lecture in Medical Entomology at the University of Cape Town and serve as President of the then South African Association for the Advancement of Science. He was an entertaining and unpretentious speaker with a pleasant sense of humour and a fine command of his field, and many South African youngsters of that generation had reason to appreciate his kindly and generous response to intelligent questions. On 6 November 1976 he died at Hout Bay in the Cape Peninsula. A daughter and son were born from this marriage: *Mary Katherine Rowan "Bunty" d1986 – an eminent ornithologist and author *John Skaife b1927 Published works *Animal Life in South Africa (Miller, Cape Town 1920) *The Strange Old Man (Longmans, Green & Co., London, 1930) *South African Nature Notes (Maskew Miller, Cape Town, c1938) *African Insect Life (Longmans, Green & Co., London, 1953) *Dwellers in Darkness – an Introduction to the Study of Termites (Longmans Green & Co., London, 1956) *Reminiscences of a Naturalist (1958) *The Study of Ants (Longmans, 1961) *The Weaker Sex – Brochure based on a series of six talks broadcast in the English Service of the SABC during Feb and March 1961. *A Naturalist Remembers (Longmans, Cape Town, 1963) *The Amazing World of the Ant (South African Broadcasting Corporation) *The Outdoor World of Africa (Longmans, Cape Town) *African Insect Life – revised edition by Ledger & Bannister (Struik, Cape Town 1979) *Adriaan Hugo – series of Afrikaans detective novels under the pseudonym of Hendrik Brand References *Biography of Dr. SH Skaife by MK Rowan in revised African Insect Life External links * Category:1889 births Category:1976 deaths Category:Entomologists from London Category:University of Natal alumni Category:South African scientists Category:South African entomologists Category:South African naturalists Category:Hymenopterists Category:Alumni of the University of Reading Category:University of Cape Town alumni Category:University of Cape Town academics Category:Fellows of the Royal Society of South Africa Category:British emigrants to South Africa Category:20th-century zoologists Category:20th-century naturalists "

❤️ Tositumomab 🦚

"Tositumomab is a murine monoclonal antibody which targets the CD20 antigen produced in mammalian cell. It was combined with iodine-131 to produce a radiopharmaceutical for unsealed source radiotherapy, Iodine-131 Tositumomab (branded as Bexxar), for the treatment of non-Hodgkins lymphoma. It is classified as a IgG2a lambda antibody. The drug combination was developed by Corixa which was purchased by GlaxoSmithKline in 2005. It was sold for about $25,000 for one round of treatment. Bexxar competed with Zevalin, until the former's discontinuation in 2014. Clinical use A personalized regimen using Bexxar was approved for the treatment of relapsed or chemotherapy/rituxan-refractory Non-Hodgkin lymphoma in 2003.New York Times. July 1, 2003 Company News: Corixa and Glaxo's Cancer Drug Wins FDA Approval The radioactive dose was adjusted for each patient in order to maximize the radiation delivered to the tumor and minimize the exposure of other organs. Bexxar combined separate administration of unlabelled and iodine-labelled (i.e. covalently bonded to 131I) tositumomab. A first dose of labelled antibody was given once, and whole-body radiation was measured with a gamma camera over seven days. Analysis of that imaging data allowed an optimal dose of labelled antibody to be calculated, which was then administered once a day, for up to seven days. Each time the labelled antibody was administered, it was always preceded by unlabelled (non-radioactive) antibody. Early clinical trials had shown that total body residence times of radioactivity were longer in people who first received unlabelled antibody, so that a lower dose of labelled antibody was needed to deliver the required total dose of radiation; additionally labelled antibody targeted tumors better in people pre-treated with unlabelled antibody. Availability =United States= Following a first investigational new drug application in 1989 and biologics license application in 2000, Bexxar was approved by the FDA in 2003. Sale of Bexxar was discontinued and marketing approval was withdrawn in February 2014 due to a decline in usage (fewer than 75 patients in 2012). One possible explanation for the lack of demand, despite a claimed 70% response rate, was that oncologists could not sell it directly to patients but had to refer patients to third party specialist centers, however a "muddled clinical trials strategy", supply chain issues, reimbursement problems, and emergence of non- radioactive competitors has also been blamed. () =Europe= The European Medicines Agency granted tositumomab and 131I-tositumomab orphan drug status, for the treatment of follicular lymphoma, to Amersham plc in 2003. This was withdrawn in October 2015 at the request of the new owner, GlaxoSmithKline. References Category:Monoclonal antibodies Category:GlaxoSmithKline brands "

❤️ Peter Lilienthal 🦚

"Peter Lilienthal (born 27 November 1929) is a German film director, writer, actor and producer. His 1979 film David won the Golden Bear at the 29th Berlin International Film Festival. His 1984 film Das Autogramm was entered into the 34th Berlin International Film Festival. In 1996, he was a member of the jury at the 46th Berlin International Film Festival. Filmography =Director= *1958: Studie 23 (co-directors: Pit Kroke, Jörg Müller, Ralph Wünsche), short *1959: Ausflug mit Damen (co-director Wolfgang Spier — Based on a play by Friedrich Michael) *1960: Die Nachbarskinder (segment of the anthology film Der Nachbar, screenplay: Benno Meyer-Wehlack), short *1961: Biographie eines Schokoladentages (screenplay: Dieter Gasper) *1962: Der 18. Geburtstag (screenplay: Theodor Kotulla, Klaus Roehler) *1962: Stück für Stück (screenplay: Benno Meyer-Wehlack) *1962: Picknick im Felde (screenplay: Peter Lilienthal — Based on a play by Fernando Arrabal), short *1963: Striptease (based on a play by Sławomir Mrożek), short *1963: Schule der Geläufigkeit (screenplay: Dieter Gasper), short *1964: Das Martyrium des Peter O'Hey (screenplay: Günther Kieser, Peter Lilienthal — Based on a play by Sławomir Mrożek) *1965: Guernica – Jede Stunde verletzt und die letzte tötet (based on a play by Fernando Arrabal), short *1965: Seraphine oder Die wundersame Geschichte der Tante Flora (screenplay: Peter Lilienthal — Based on a play by David Perry), short *1966: Abschied (screenplay: Günter Herburger) *1966: Der Beginn (screenplay: Günter Herburger, Peter Lilienthal) *1967: Unbeschriebenes Blatt (screenplay: Peter Lilienthal — Based on a play by Rhys Adrian) *1967: Abgründe (screenplay: Peter Schneider, George Moorse, Peter Lilienthal — Anthology film based on stories by Stanley Ellin and Patrick Quentin) *1967: Verbrechen mit Vorbedacht (screenplay: Piers Paul Read, Peter Lilienthal — Based on a story by Witold Gombrowicz) *1968: Tramp oder Der einzige und unvergleichliche Lenny Jacobson (screenplay: Peter Lilienthal — Based on a play by Barry Bermange) *1969: Horror (screenplay: Peter Lilienthal — Based on a novel by Henry Farrell) *1970: Malatesta (screenplay: Heathcote Williams, Michael Koser, Peter Lilienthal) *1971: Die Sonne angreifen (screenplay: Robert Muller, Peter Lilienthal — Based on a novel by Witold Gombrowicz) *1971: Jakob von Gunten (screenplay: Ror Wolf, Peter Lilienthal — Based on the novel Jakob von Gunten by Robert Walser) *1973: La Victoria (screenplay: Antonio Skármeta, Peter Lilienthal) *1975: Hauptlehrer Hofer (screenplay: , Peter Lilienthal — Based on Hauptlehrer Hofer by Günter Herburger) *1976: ' (screenplay: Antonio Skármeta, Peter Lilienthal) *1979: David (screenplay: Jurek Becker, Peter Lilienthal — Based on Den Netzen entronnen by Joel König) *1980: ' (screenplay: Antonio Skármeta, Peter Lilienthal) *1982: Dear Mr. Wonderful (screenplay: Sam Koperwas) *1984: Das Autogramm (screenplay: Peter Lilienthal — Based on Cuarteles de invierno by Osvaldo Soriano) *1986: Das Schweigen des Dichters (screenplay: Peter Lilienthal — Based on The Continuing Silence of a Poet by A. B. Yehoshua) *1988: Der Radfahrer von San Cristóbal (screenplay: Antonio Skármeta, Peter Lilienthal) *1995: Wasserman – Der singende Hund (screenplay: Peter Lilienthal — Based on a story by Yoram Kaniuk) *1995: Angesichts der Wälder (screenplay: Peter Lilienthal — Based on a story by A. B. Yehoshua) Documentaries *1959: Im Handumdrehen verdient *1964: Marl – Das Porträt einer Stadt *1969: '''' *1970: Ich, Montag – Ich, Dienstag – Ich, Mittwoch – Ich, Donnerstag. Portrait Gombrowicz *1971: Start Nr. 9 *1972: Shirley Chisholm for President *1977: Kadir *2001: : Ein Fremder *2007: Camilo: The Long Road to Disobedience =Actor= *1972: Dead Pigeon on Beethoven Street - Carlos *1977: The American Friend - Marcangelo *1978: Aus der Ferne sehe ich dieses Land - Pfarrer Hendrich *1979: Milo-Milo *1983: Der Platzanweiser – Porträt eines Kinomanen References External links * Category:1929 births Category:Living people Category:Mass media people from Berlin Category:German male film actors Category:Male actors from Berlin Category:Members of the Academy of Arts, Berlin Category:Best Director German Film Award winners Category:Directors of Golden Bear winners "